"From 1914 to 1918 two million Negroes fought in Europe for a thing foreign to themselves--Democracy. Now they must fight for themselves. The time for cowardice is past. The old-time Negro has gone--buried with 'Uncle Tom.'"--Marcus Garvey, quoted in The (Baltimore) Afro-American, 28 February 1919

DETAIL FROM 1925 PULLMAN
PORTERS' UNION CARTOON